Eur. Phys. J. AP 6, 205-215 (1999)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap:1999172

Resorption kinetics of four hydroxyapatite-based ceramics by particle induced X-ray emission and neutron activation analysis

¹ Laboratoire de Microscopie Électronique, 21 rue Clément Ader, 51685 Reims Cedex 2, France
² Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire de Clermont-Ferrand, IN2P3/CNRS, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
³ Institut de Physique Nucléaire Expérimentale, B 15, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
⁴ Société industrielle Bioland, 132 route d'Espagne, 31100 Toulouse, France

Corresponding author: edouard.jallot@univ-reims.fr

Received: 30 October 1998
Revised: 26 January 1999
Accepted: 26 January 1999
Published online: 15 May 1999

Abstract

From the viewpoint of hard tissue response to implant materials, calcium phosphates are probably the most compatible materials presently known. During the last few years, much attention has been paid to hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate as potential biomaterials for bone substitute. A good implantation of biomaterials in the skeleton is to reach full integration of non-living implant with living bone. The aim of this study is to compare the resorption kinetics of four kinds of calcium phosphate ceramics: hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂), hydroxyapatite doped with manganese or zinc and a composite material of 75% hydroxyapatite and 25% β-tricalcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂). Cylinders (5–6 mm in diameter) of these ceramics were packed into holes made in the femur diaphysis of mature ovine. At 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 28, 36 and 48 weeks after the operation, bone/implant interface was embedded in polymethylmethacrylate. We used the PIXE method (particle induced X-ray emission) to measure the distribution of mineral elements (Ca, P, Sr, Zn, Mn and Fe) at the bone/implant interface. At 4, 8, 16, 28 and 48 weeks after implantation we studied a biopsy of the ceramics by neutron activation method. Then, we have a global measurement of mineral elements in the biomaterial. The results showed that the resorption kinetics of hydroxyapatite doped with zinc was faster than that of the three other bioceramics.