Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 96, 30101 (2021)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021200383

Regular Article

Fast growth of pure V₂O₅ nanoparticles by low-cost hydrothermal process

¹ LATAGE Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Genie Electrics, Mouloud MAMMERI University BP17.RP 15000 Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
² UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
³ Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa

^* e-mail: ferhati.ou@hotmail.fr

Received: 21 December 2020
Received in final form: 7 August 2021
Accepted: 12 October 2021
Published online: 23 November 2021

Abstract

Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) nanorods were successfully grown through an easy, quick and clean hydrothermal method using vanadium oxide sols (V₂O₅.1,6H₂O) as precursor. Structurals studies based on the X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the synthesized nanomaterials are pure divanadium pentoxide with an orthorhombic phase. The morphological properties and the particle size of the developed V₂O₅ nanoparticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The results show that the as-grown samples consist of a large amount of one-dimensional V₂O₅ nanorods with the widths approximately 52 nm and the lengths are up to several hundred nanometers. The effects of different growth conditions, such as hydrothermal duration and stirring temperature of the precursor on the formation of the nanorods has been recorded. Moreover, the structural and morphological properties of the resulting nanopowders have been experimentally studied. Time-dependent experiments showed that V₂O₅.1,6H₂O were dehydrated progressively and transformed into orthorhombic V₂O₅ single-crystalline nanorods. It has been established that high stirring temperature of the precursor is benefical for the formation of V₂O₅ nanorods and minimizes the duration time of the heat treatment. Hence the adjusted parameters (time and temperature) appears to be the key element to achieving the desired nanomaterial with defined forms.