Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 19 (2023)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2023220267

Regular Article

Effect of Sn on formation and transformation of VO₂ phase

¹ School of Material and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, P.R. China
² State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan, Liaoning, P.R. China
³ China Nuclear Industry 23 Construction Co., Ltd. Beijing 101300, P.R. China

^* e-mail: fayuwu@ustl.edu.cn; lnkdzjw@163.com

Received: 27 October 2022
Received in final form: 11 January 2023
Accepted: 27 January 2023
Published online: 29 March 2023

Abstract

The role of stannum was investigated in formation and transformation of vanadium-dioxide phase in a deep perspective through characterization methods including Raman spectra, XRD, OM, SEM, UV–vis and electrochemical workstation. The result showed supersaturated stannum atoms could exist in Sn_xV_2-xO₅ as amorphous solid solution through non-equilibrium sputtering method, by which the unitary phase Sn-doped VO₂ could be obtained under either thermal de-oxidation or thermal de-composition mechanism. Furthermore, cooperating stannum atoms with oxygen vacancies could regulate the formation of vanadium dioxide M1 or M2 phase, in turn engineer the phase transformation (M-R) temperature of VO₂.