Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 43 (2023)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2023230023

Regular Article

Perovskite materials for photovoltaics: a review

¹ Department of Physics, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
² Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
³ Village and Post Office Awanh, 176313, Tehsil Bhattiyat, Distt. Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India
⁴ Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queens University, Kingston,  ON K7L-3N6, Canada

^* e-mail: dineshpathak80@gmail.com

Received: 28 January 2023
Received in final form: 27 March 2023
Accepted: 4 April 2023
Published online: 23 June 2023

Abstract

Photovoltaic is among the most propitious renewable energy sources for meeting global energy demands. Owing to their simple solution synthesis procedure, lightweight, wearable, power conversion efficiency, flyable, ready to deploy for extremist lightweight space, and reduced cost of constituent materials, perovskite solar cells have gotten huge interest in the past years. Because of the high-quality perovskite film attained by low-temperature fabrication methods, as well as the development of appropriate interface and electrode materials, the effectiveness of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has topped 25% efficiency in recent years. Furthermore, perovskite solar cells' stabilization has gotten a lot of well-deserved recognition. The future of various carbon, tin, and polymer materials-based perovskite solar cells has even been explored, as well as their industrial expansion possibility are also discussed. This review paper summarizes important accomplishments to date, highlights the unique properties of these perovskites that have led to their fast upsurge, and highlights the problems that must be overcome for perovskite solar cells to be developed and commercialized successfully.