https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2022210260
Regular Article
Bright sources under the projection microscope: using an insulating crystal on a conductor as electron source
CINaM, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7325,
13288
Marseille, France
* e-mail: salancon@cinam.univ-mrs.fr
Received:
17
November
2021
Received in final form:
7
January
2022
Accepted:
24
January
2022
Published online: 1 March 2022
The development of bright sources is allowing technological breakthroughs, especially in the field of microscopy. This requires a very advanced control and understanding of the emission mechanisms. For bright electron sources, a projection microscope with a field emission tip provides an interference image that corresponds to a holographic recording. Image reconstruction can be performed digitally to form a “real” image of the object. However, interference images can only be obtained with a bright source that is small: often, an ultra-thin tip of tungsten whose radius of curvature is of the order of 10nm. The contrast and ultimate resolution of this image-projecting microscope depend only on the size of the apparent source. Thus, a projection microscope can be used to characterize source brightness: for example, analyzing the interference contrast enables the size of the source to be estimated. Ultra-thin W tips are not the only way to obtain bright sources: field emission can also be achieved by applying voltages leading to a weak macroscopic electric field (< 1V∕μm) to insulating micron crystals deposited on conductors with a large radius of curvature (> 10 μm). Moreover, analyzing the holograms reveals the source size, and the brightness of these new emitters equals that of traditional field emission sources.
© L. Lapena et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2022
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.