Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 97, 73 (2022)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2022220151

Regular Article

Electrical properties of Ba_0.85Ca_0.15Zr_0.1Ti_0.9O₃ ceramics with TiO₂ addition

¹ National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P.R. China
² Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Xinxiang 453007, P.R. China
³ Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
⁴ Laboratory of Dielectric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China

^* e-mail: xwwang2000@163.com

Received: 21 May 2022
Received in final form: 23 July 2022
Accepted: 3 August 2022
Published online: 13 October 2022

Abstract

The crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric properties and energy storage properties of Ba_0.85Ca_0.15Zr_0.1Ti_0.9O₃ (BCZT) ceramics with various TiO₂ (0%, 1%, 8%, 40%, 50%, 60%) addition ceramics were discussed. Although the perovskite structure remained in samples with low content of TiO₂, the secondary phase Ba₂Ti_5.5O₁₃ appeared in samples with high TiO₂ content. According to SEM results, the addition of TiO₂ resulted in a significant decrease in the average grain size. With the addition of TiO₂, the phase transition temperature, corresponding to Curie temperature (T_c) of BCZT ceramics shifts to lower temperature. Compared with the pure BCZT ceramic, the higher impedance and slimmer hysteresis loops were realized in ceramics with high TiO₂ content. The relatively large energy storage density (W_rec ∼ 0.52 J/cm³) together with energy storage efficiency (η ∼ 74.84%) were achieved in ceramic with 40% TiO₂ content. When the concentration of TiO₂ further increases, the energy storage efficiency increased, but the energy storage density declined. The present research provides a method to improve the energy storage performance of BCZT ceramics.